Cecelia Hazel Anderson 1920s

Cecelia Hazel Anderson 1910-1945

Dayspringacres, 2020

1920

12 January 1920 Census

Celia Anderson age 9 1/2

1920 Census, St Louis Missouri
from Ancestry.com

Here we find Cecelia -- written as Celia, which may explain why Shirley thought she was called Seley.  If you say "Celia" with a southern accent, you may end up with only two syllables.  Anyway, that is just a thought I had.

• Albert Tullock age 54, renting their home at 1215a Howard Street.  We'll look at that address in a bit.  It looks like Albert's occupation is auto machinist, working for a wage.The others don't have any occupation.
• Ida Tullock is his wife, age 44.
• Charles Anderson his stepson age 16
• Oren Anderson his stepson age 13
• Celia Anderson is his stepdaughter, but the census taker listed her as daughter.  Easy enough mistake to make.

1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri

Google, 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri,2020

Looks like it is an empty lot, as of March 2020.  Wonder what it looked like in 1920.  If you know, or know how I can find out, let me know using the contact form on the right, or the comment box below.

The red circle is Cecelia's 1920 address when she was nine.  The blue is Ida Omohundro Anderson Tullock's address when she died in 1937.  The pink circle is where her grandmother Rosa Davis Young lived during the 1940 census.  The two orange circles are where Clarence Young, her husband, lived when they married, and then where they both lived in 1935 and 1940 on North Grand.

Google, 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri, Aerial view, 2020

Google, 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri, Street View, 2020

No building in sight.  Look at the little street-man map, and you can see I am facing the correct direction.  Nobody's home.  There IS no home!

I searched for some online old maps.  Came close but the map ended right at that crucial area.  Okay, then, this becomes part of the story.

Historical Insight -- Prohibition in the 1920s

In 1920, Cecelia Hazel Anderson lived in St Louis Missouri, a major brewing location in the United States, and one that was hit hard when Prohibition went into effect.

In a 1939 news column, Eleanor Roosevelt looked back at the prohibition era and concluded that "a moral change still depends on the individual and not on the passage of any law."  The idea that the state cannot legislate morality was a clear lesson from the federal government's nearly 14-year attempt to prohibit the production and sale of alcohol.

Ancestry Historical Insights, 2019
For many Californians, the end of federal alcohol prohibition meant the
return of the traditional wine festival..
1934, California
Credit:  Underwood Archives/Archive Photos/Getty Images

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• 1920 - 1929 -- The Roaring 20s shook up the world with a massive party after the Great Depression
• 1920 -- Women receive the right to vote in the USA
• 1920 -- Palestine is established.

1921

Warren G. Harding is President of the US 1921 - 1924

Warren G. Harding
Wikipedia -- Harding 2018

Harding was a Republican.  At that time, he was one of the most popular US Presidents, but the subsequent exposure of scandals that took place under his administration, and an affair eroded his popular regard.  Harding is often rated among the worst US Presidents (Wikipedia -- Harding, 2018).

President Harding Quote -- "I don't know what to do or where to turn in this taxation matter.  Somewhere there must be a book that tells all about it, where I could go to straighten it out in my mind.  But I don't know where the book is, and maybe I couldn't read it if I found it" (Harding, 2018).

Historical Insight -- Sears, Roebuck and Company

Cecelia Hazel Anderson most likely read or shopped [with her mother] from the Sears catalog from 1914 - 1930.

Ancestry Historical Insight, 2018
An army of workers carefully checked and labeled all outgoing packages
from one of the Sears Roebuck merchandising buildings.
1933, Chicago, Illinois.
Sears, Roebuck & Co./Wikimedia Commons/Public Domain

In 1886, about 65 percent of all Americans lived in rural areas and they were forced to pay high prices at local general stores.  But Richard Sears, a railway agent, used his spare time to sell valuable commodities, such as jewelry, along his route.

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Insulin is made available to diabetics when Cecelia was 12 years old.

1922

Historical Insight -- The Nationalization of 4-H Programs

Cecelia Hazel Anderson may have participated in a 4-H program while a youth in St Louis, Missouri, in 1920.

Ancestry Historical Insights 2018
Utah's Logan Republican reported in September 1914 that
200,000 youth around the country were participating in "Industrial Clubs"
13 October 1921, Charlseston, West Virginia
Credit:  Library of Congress 

During the last decades of the 19th century, concerns rose over adults’ lack of interest in agricultural innovations. In an effort to educate young people in new agricultural skills, clubs began to pop up in various parts of the United States. By 1912 many of these clubs began to take on the name of “4-H,” indicating a focus on “Head, Heart, Hands, and Health.” 

1925

Calvin Coolidge President of the United States, 1925 - 1928

1925 Calvin Coolidge
(Wikipedia -- Coolidge, 2018)

Coolidge was the 30th President of the United States from 1923 to 1929.  This Republican was a Massachusetts governor, then Vice President.  He became President with the death of Warren G. Harding in 1923, then was elected in his own right in 1924.  He said very little, although he had a rather dry sense of humor (Wikipedia -- Coolidge, 2018).

President Coolidge Quote -- "All growth depends upon activity.  There is no development physically or intellectually without effort, and effort means work" (Coolidge, 2018).

Historical Insight -- Tri-State Tornado

18 March 1925

Cecelia Hazel Anderson was living in Missouri around the time the deadliest tornado in US history hit the Midwest.

Around 700 people were killed, at least 2,000 injured, and 15,000 homes razed to the ground.  For those living in the region, the twisters changed their lives physically and emotionally (Ancestry Historical Insights, 2018).

1925 Tri-State Tornado
Ancestry Historical Insights, 2018
Inhabitants of Griffin, Indiana, went through the rubble looking for their possessions. 
Searching was difficult because there wasn't a single building intact
18 March 1925, Griffin Indiana
Credit:  Topical Press Agency/Hutton Archive/Getty Images

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Scopes trial on Evolutionary Theory 

Staff, 1925 Scopes Trial Opened With Prayer and other headlines, 1925

1926

1 November 1926

Historical Insight -- Great Mississippi Flood of 1927

Cecelia Hazel Anderson was living in St Louis around the time the Mississippi River flooded and forced hundreds of thousands to flee.

If she was still living on Howard street, there is a very good likelihood she also had to run.

Ancestry Historical Insights, 1997-2020
Outside of New Orleans, Louisiana, the stretch of levees couldn't
stand up to the powerful flooding.  Tributaries swelled beyond capacity
and the series of levees holding the river in place ultimately succumbed in 145 locations.
1927, Louisiana
Credit:  General Photographic Agency/Hutton Archive/Getty Images

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Sound in Movies at age 16

1927

2 May 1927

Historical Insight -- Charles Lindbergh's Solo Atlantic Crossing

Cecelia Hazel Anderson was living in St Louis Missouri when Charles Lindbergh visited their city after becoming the first man to make a solo flight across the Atlantic.

I wonder if Celia went to see him?

Ancestry Historical Insight, 2019
The Spirit of St Louis monoplane was custom built in San Diego
and has been on display at the Smithsonian Institution since 1927
1927, San Diego, California.
Credit:  Hulton Archive/Archive Photos/Getty Images

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Holland Tunnel opens in New York City

1928

Historical Insight -- Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd's Crime Spree

In 1930, St Louis, Missouri -- near where 18 year old Cecelia Hazel Anderson was living at the time -- was a stop on "Pretty Boy" Floyd's deadly crime spree.

Ancestry Historical Insights, 2020
During the Great Depression, Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd's infamous
interstate crime spree captured the attention of both the American public
and the FBI
Credit:  American Stock Archive/Archive Photos/Getty Images

Born the son of an Oklahoma Dust Bowl farmer in 1904, Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd turned to a life of crime to escape the immense poverty his family faced as tenant farmers.  Floyd began his criminal career robbing a St. Louis supermarket.  After serving three and a half years behind bars, he joined a Kansas City crime ring and worked as the hired gun for bootleggers shipping their "hootch" east along the Ohio and Missouri rivers.  But soon he killed his former partners and began robbing banks across the American heartland.

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Television
• Video Recordings
• Penicillin discovered by Sir Alexander Fleming
• Geiger Counter

1929

Herbert Hoover President of the United States from 1929 - 1932

1929 Herbert Hoover, 31st President
Wikipedia -- Hoover, 2018

President Hoover Quote -- "Competition is not only the basis of protection to the consumer, but is the incentive to progress" (Hoover, 2018).

14 September 1929

Marriage -- Cecelia Hazel Anderson age 19 married Clarence Arthur Young in St Louis Missouri

Anderson Young 1929 Marriage Certificate

This document has everything going for it.  Clarence C. Young of St Louis, over 21 years old.  Miss Cecelia H. Anderson of St Louis is under 21 years old, but has permission of her mother Mrs. Ida Tullock.  They were married before the Justice of the Peace.

Anderson Young 1929 Marriage License

This document also has much going for it.  

Clarence C. Young address 3743 Delmar in St Louis MO.

Miss Cecelia H. Anderson living at 2309 North 9th, St Louis MO.

They are aged 28 and 19 respectively

Bonus Points for Signature!

This is the money shot, right here -- We have the signature of Miss Cecelia H. Anderson.

Anderson Young 1929 Marriage notice in Newspaper

Now it is official, if it is in the newspaper, right?

Let's look at the addresses

Google Maps

Remember this map from earlier?  The orange on the bottom left is Clarence's address at the time of his marriage.

Google Street View, 3743 Delmar, St Louis MO

Clarence C. Young at 3743 Delmar -- as you can see, as of March 2020, it is a parking lot.  It doesn't matter which pin you choose, it is the same parking lot.

Cecelia Anderson, 1929 Google Maps
2309 North Ninth, St Louis MO

The red is Cecelia's 1929 address.  The pink is her 1920 address.  The green is Ida Tullock's address at the time of her death.

Cecelia Anderson 1929 Google Maps Aerial View

In this aerial view, we see that it is under a train, and in what looks like the business part of town.

Cecelia Anderson 1929 Google Maps Street View

Yep.  We are standing under the train trestle, looking at 2307.  I can only think that 2308 is the next door down.  Most of the time even addresses are on one side and odd addresses are on the other.  In this case, if I turn around, the little man on the bottom left of the image is facing away from the proper address.  Anyway, this is the business district, devoid of life.  Probably very noisy, too.

I really wonder how in the world they met?

In Other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• Great Depression from 1929 - 1939

Ancestry Historical Insights, 2018
Because so many Americans were unable to pay their bills,
evictions became widespread.  Many built makeshift homes,
dubbed "Hoovervilles" because of the outgoing president's inability to
combat the growing poverty.  Condemned as unsightly, some like this
shantytown in the nation's capital, were burned to the ground.
1932, Washington, D.C.
Credit:  Signal Corps photographer/Commons/Public Domain

By 1933, 15 million were without work and almost half of all US banks had shuttered.  To make matters worse, a historic drought caused widespread farmland erosion across the Prairie, precipitating the Dust Bowl -- Ancestry Historical Insight

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Resources

Ancestry Historical Insights. (1997 - 2020). Great Mississippi Flood of 1927. Retrieved March 2020, from Ancestry: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2018). 1925 Tri-State Tornado. Retrieved March 2020, from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2018). The Great Depression. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insight. (2018). Sears, Roebuck and Company. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2018). The Nationalization of 4-H Programs. Retrieved March 2020, from Ancestry: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2019). Charles Lindbergh's Solo Atlantic Crossing. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2019). The End of Prohibition. Retrieved from Ancestry.com: Ancestry.com

Ancestry Historical Insights. (2020). Charles "Pretty Boy" Floyd's Crime Spree. Retrieved March 2020, from Ancestry: Ancestry.com

Dayspringacres. (2020). Cecelia Hazel Anderson Young mini-pedigree. Retrieved March 27, 2020, from Ancestry: https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/14582634/person/293016749/story?cachedcontent=no

Google. (2020). 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri. Retrieved March 2020, from Google Maps: https://www.google.com/maps/place/1215+Howard+St,+St.+Louis,+MO+63106/@38.6434963,-90.1946583,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x87d8b32f417018f3:0x4366187cdb0cff3c!8m2!3d38.6434921!4d-90.1924696

Google. (2020). 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri, Aerial View. Retrieved March 2020, from Google Maps, Aerial View: https://www.google.com/maps/place/1215+Howard+St,+St.+Louis,+MO+63106/@38.6440004,-90.1922579,194m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m5!3m4!1s0x87d8b32f417018f3:0x4366187cdb0cff3c!8m2!3d38.6434921!4d-90.1924696

Google. (2020). 1215a Howard Street, St Louis Missouri, street view. Retrieved March 2020, from Google Maps, Street View: https://www.google.com/maps/@38.6433904,-90.1926401,3a,75y,32.65h,81.57t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sTfMTDAWslhUNAJZ3KyehQw!2e0!7i13312!8i6656

Harding, W. G. (2018). Warren G. Harding Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/warren_g_harding

OurTimelines.com. (2018). TimeLines. (Timelines courtesy of www.ourtimelines.com. Timeline formatting and technology copyright © 2000-2018 ourtimelines.com, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED under the Pan-American Conventions.) Retrieved from OurTimeLines.com: http://ourtimelines.com/

Staff. (1925, July 10). 1925 Scopes Trial Opened With Prayer and other headlines. (Ancestry) Retrieved March 2020, from St Louis Post-Dispatch, St Louis Missouri: https://www.newspapers.com/image/140288859/?terms=scopes%2Btrial#

Wikipedia -- Harding. (2018, May 26). Warren G. Harding. Retrieved May 27, 2018, from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warren_G._Harding

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Cecelia Hazel Anderson 1910s

Cecelia Hazel Anderson 1910-1945

Cecelia Hazel Anderson Young is the mother of my mother-in-law.  She lived in St Louis Missouri, had a hard life of poverty for the most part.  According to Shirley, my mother in law, she was known as Seley (or Celey?) like her father, Seley Edgar Anderson.

1910s

Mini Pedigree

Dayspringacres, 2020
from Ancestry.com LifeStory

In other news -- Things were happening before Cecelia was born (OurTimelines.com, 2018).

• 1899 was the 6th Cholera Pandemic that lasted until 1923
• 1901 started the reign of King Edward VII (Saxe-Coburg) until 1910
• 1910 started the reign of King George V (Windsor) until 1936

1910

President William Howard Taft

Taft Sherman Campaign Poster
Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018

William Howard Taft, 27th President
Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018

William Howard Taft was the 27th President of the United States.  He was also the tenth Chief Justice of the US, the only person to have held both offices.  The vice president became president when Theodore Roosevelt was assassinated, was defeated in 1912 by Woodrow Wilson after splitting the Republican Party by running as a third party candidate (Wikipedia -- Taft, 2018).

President Taft Quote:  "A government is for the benefit of the people" (Taft, 2018).

April 1910 -- Halley's Comet

Cecelia was born with Halley's Comet.  It was special to Cecelia, and because of that, it became special to her daughter Shirley, who saw that comet later.

9 April 1910

Haze Hides Halley's Comet

Staff, Haze Hides Halley's Comet, 1910

East St. Louis Smoke Bank Spoils Sport of Observers.

Rev. Father Martin S. Brennan, the astronomer, has a grievance with East St. Louis as the result of smoky conditions shutting off his view of the wandering comet which came within range yesterday morning.  Father Brennan took a party of four faithful comet enthusiasts to see the splendor, but East Side smoke blinded their vision.

Father Brennan is authority for the statement that the comet is close enough to mother earth to be observed with the naked eye.  Other comet observers, like Father Joseph Wilcewewiski of St Louis University and M.A. Lawler, reported their failure to see the comet by reason of the haze

If conditions are right this morning the comet may be visible about 4:30, rising a short time in advance of the sun.

13 April 1910

Scientists Acquit Halley's Comet of Being a Celestial Tramp

Staff, Scientists Acquit Comet of
Being a Celestial Tramp, 1910

Staff, Scientists Acquit Comet of
Being a Celestial Tramp, 1910

Observers Prove Long-Tailed Visitor is as Regular as a Bill Collector With Route as Steady as That of Milkman.

Halley's comet, now visible to St Louis at telescope range, is not such a loafer as one might suppose from the pleasantries about its being a "hobo of the heavens."  It has its regular route, and it travels that route as unvaryingly as the most methodical of milkmen or bill collectors.

The sun, or a point just a few million miles the other side of the sun, is one end of the route.  The other end, three and a quarter billion miles from the sun, is known on sky maps as Aphelion.  The route is an ellipse, resembling some of the South St Louis street car lines which run north on one street and south on another, with a loop at each end of the line.  The circuit of the ellipse is six and one-half billion miles.

How long Trip is Made

Starting from Aphelion for a 76-year absence, the comet crosses the paths of Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter and Mars before it gets down into the region of the sun and crosses the orbits of Mars, the Earth and Venus.

The nearer the comet gets to the sun, the faster it travels, and while it is 23 years in covering the 500,000,000 miles that separate Aphelion from the orbit of Neptune, it later makes a longer jump, between the orbits of Uranus and Saturn, in five years.  On the other side of the eclipse, on its way back, it slows up in the same ratio.

By the time it gets within view of the Earth, it is hitting such a clip that it goes on around the sun, comes back and passes out of view Jupiter-ward, in a few months.

The plane of the comet's orbit being inclined 18 degrees to the general plane of the Earth and other planets it is, when it crosses Neptune's path, 750,000,000 miles deep in space.  But when it reaches the Earth's path it loops over and under it.  Only Mercury's path escapes, being so near the sun that it does not even show in the chart.

Puff of Gas if It Hit Sun

Were the comet simply dropped from its most distant point it would fall straight into the bosom of the sun and go out in a puff of gas.  But it yet retains a bit of that original momentum which was given it when the worlds were created.  This, combined with the sun's attraction, keeps it working the treadmill of its ellipse.

Method of Finding Visitor

"The comet arose this morning at 4:31 o'clock.  It attains a height in the heavens, if I remember correctly, of 15 degrees.  If you are searching for the comet, measure with your eye one-sixth of the distance from the horizon to the zenith.  In this one-sixth space from the horizon you will se the comet, if your eyes are keen enough, for an hour after 4:31 a.m.

"Look in this one-sixth space just a trifle to the north of where the glow on the horizon tells you that the sun is going to arise."

21 April 1910

Halley's Comet seen from St Louis

Staff, Halley's Comet seen from St Louis

St Louis Priests View the Comet with Naked Eyes

Professors Cloud and Wilczewski Sight Freak With Glass, Then Without it.

Venus Advance Agent

Father Brennan Sees Wanderer With Field Glass -- Others Fail to Locate It. 

Arising out of the East in the trail of Venus, which came up before it like a little red lantern, showing the way in the vanishing darkness, Halley's comet was observed with the naked eye at 3:50 a.m. Thursday by Prof. Charles Cloud of St Louis University.  This is the first time that the comet has been seen with the naked eye in St Louis.

Thursday was also the first that St Louis astronomers have been able to observe the comet in the east, even with powerful telescopes, since it was visible to astronomers through glasses in the Western sky in the evenings a month and a half ago.

The comet showed itself to its first St Louis observers with the naked eye under coquettish conditions that might even be called dramatic.  Winking and blinking through the tail of the comet was a dancing little star of the sixth magnitude, says Profs. Wilcsewski and Cloud.  The nucleus of the 75-year wanderer flared brighter than the star, showing that the comet's brightness now is of a greater magnitude than the sixth, which is the limit of the human eye's vision of the heavens.

Father Brennan says that three times, while he was observing it, the comet disappeared from view.  A kind of haze seemed to shut it off, he says.

1911

South Pole reached by Roald Amundsen

Sioux City Journal, Sioux City, Iowa, 1911

1912

16 April 1912

Titanic is Insured for about $5,000,000

Staff, 1912 Titanic is insured for about
$5,000,000 headline, 1912

In other news -- New Mexico enters the union as the 47th state;  Alaska organized as a territory; Arizona enters the union as the 48th state.

1913

6 March 1913

Woodrow Wilson, 28th President of the United States

Cecelia was about 2 years old when Woodrow Wilson became President.  She would be 10 years old when his term ended.

Wikipedia -- Wilson, 2018

Woodrow Wilson was a Democrat.  He was President of Princeton University, and was a New Jersey Governor.  He lead the US during WWI.

President Wilson Quote:  "A conservative is someone who makes no changes and consults his grandmother when in doubt" (Wilson, 2018).

Staff, Woodrow Wilson Made President, 1913

1914

In other news 

• World War I was the first trench warfare in the world.  Cecelia was 4 years old when the war started, and was 9 years old when it ended.
• The Bra was developed

Townsend & Wyatt Dry Goods Co., 1913

1915

3 April 1915

Death of her Father, Seley Edgar Anderson

Cecelia (who also was known as Seley) was only 4 years old.  Her father was 51 years old when he died of Fibernous Pneumonia.  He had chronic nephritis, which is kidney infection.  In today's terms [March 2020] medicine would recognize that he had died of Sepsis.  The pneumonia was likely because of organ failure from sepsis caused by kidney infection.  

Seley Edgar Anderson Death Certificate

I always find it sad when the informant cannot say who the parents are or where they came from.  In this case, it was his wife who didn't know.  It took a long time to find his family in Canada.

After her father's death, Cecelia and her older brothers Charles and Oren were put into orphanages.  According to several interviews I'd done with her daughter Shirley Young Scott, 4-year-old Cecelia was adopted out by a family friend, Mrs. Emma Pitsch who lived on Ashland Avenue in St Louis Missouri.  I don't know how Shirley remembered everything, but when I've been able to verify her memories, she was spot on.  I have found a census for Mrs. Emma Pitsch.  We will touch on that in a bit.

Emma was about 32 years old when she took in Cecelia.  Her own daughter Ruth was 6 years younger.  Shirley never said how long Cecelia lived with them.

1920 Census, St Louis Missouri
William and Emma Pitsch, daughter Ruth
living on Ashland Avenue

This census is important in that it shows that, indeed, Emma Pitsch lived on Ashland Avenue.  It also does not show Cecelia living with them.

So, she probably lived with the Pitsch family until her momma got married to Albert Tullock, then the family was brought back as one unit.

In other news:

• 1915 -- Einstein developed his Theory of Relativity
• 1916 -- Sonar was invented; The Irish had a rebellion uprising on Easter
• 1917 -- Russian revolution happens

1917

6 April 1917

President Proclaims War

Staff, 1917 President Proclaims War headlines, 1917

1918 - 1919

In other News (OurTimelines.com, 2018)

• 1918 -- Prohibition begins, lasting until 1933
• 1918 -- Flu epidemic takes the lives of 25 million people worldwide in two years
• 1919 -- Shortwave Radio makes waves for the first time
• 1919 -- League of Nations is instituted
• 
  

If you like what you see, be sure to subscribe, and consider supporting me on my patreon page

Become a Patron!

________________________________________

Resources

Dayspringacres. (2020). Cecelia Hazel Anderson Young mini-pedigree. Retrieved March 27, 2020, from Ancestry: https://www.ancestry.com/family-tree/person/tree/14582634/person/293016749/story?cachedcontent=no

OurTimelines.com. (2018). TimeLines. (Timelines courtesy of www.ourtimelines.com. Timeline formatting and technology copyright © 2000-2018 ourtimelines.com, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED under the Pan-American Conventions.) Retrieved from OurTimeLines.com: http://ourtimelines.com/

Staff. (1910, April 9). Haze Hides Halley's Comet. (Ancestry.com) Retrieved March 27, 2020, from St Louis Globe-Democrat, St Louis MO: Newspapers.com

Staff. (1910, April 13). Scientists Acquit Comet of Being a Celestial Tramp. (Ancestry) Retrieved March 27, 2020, from St Louis Post-Dispatch, St Louis MO: Newspapers.com

Staff. (1910, April 21). Halley's Comet seen from St Louis. (Ancestry) Retrieved March 27, 2020, from St Louis Post-Dispatch, St Louis MO: Newspapers.com

Staff. (1912, April 16). 1912 Titanic is Insured for about $5,000,000 headline. (Ancestry.com) Retrieved March 2020, from St Louis Globe-Democrat, St Louis Missouri: https://www.newspapers.com/image/571894453/?terms=Titanic#

Staff. (1913, March 6). 1913 Woodrow Wilson Made President. (Ancestry) Retrieved March 28, 2020, from La Plata Home Press, La Plata Missouri: https://www.newspapers.com/image/82321102/?terms=Woodrow%2BWilson%2BSt.%2BLouis#

Staff. (1917, April 6). 1917 President Proclaims War headlines. (Ancestry) Retrieved March 28, 2020, from St Louis Post-Dispatch, St Louis, Missouri: https://www.newspapers.com/image/?clipping_id=18934581&fcfToken=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJmcmVlLXZpZXctaWQiOjEzODE1ODU4OSwiaWF0IjoxNTg1NDIwNDkyLCJleHAiOjE1ODU1MDY4OTJ9.8Tp6LresMP55ADC0rvigJKzYiDyyZZ81crGqTuH4LhI#

Taft, W. H. (2018). William Howard Taft Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/william_howard_taft

Townsend & Wyatt Dry Goods Co. (1913, October 19). 1913 Warner's Brassiers. (Ancestry.com) Retrieved March 28, 2020, from St Joseph Gazette, St Joseph Missouri: https://www.newspapers.com/image/560636783/?terms=Brassier#

Wikipedia -- Taft. (2018). William Howard Taft, 27th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Howard_Taft

Wikipedia -- Wilson. (2018). Woodrow Wilson, 28th President. Retrieved from Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson

Wilson, W. (2018). Woodrow Wilson Quotes. Retrieved from BrainyQuotes: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/woodrow_wilson
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